This was the first Rugby World Cup to be staged in the northern hemisphere, with England the hosts of the final. Also for the first time, qualifying competitions were introduced as the number of entrants had increased, from 16 nations four years earlier, to 33 countries.
The eight quarter-finalists from 1987 qualified automatically with the remaining eight spots contested through qualifiers by 25 countries. This resulted in only one new side qualifying for the tournament, Western Samoa replacing Tonga.
The same 16-team pool/knock-out format was used with just minor changes to the points system. South Africa was again not included because of sanctions imposed on the country by the International Rugby Board (IRB), due to the government's apartheid policies.The pool stages produced a major upset when Western Samoa, who were making their debut in the tournament, defeated the 1987 semi-finalists Wales 16-13 in Cardiff. Along with the other results in the group, this led to the elimination of Wales, who finished third in Pool 3. Also notable in pool play was that Canada finished second in their pool to qualify for the quarter-finals, which remains their best performance in the World Cup. Fiji, as quarter-finalists four years earlier, had expected to occupy that position, but after the upset loss to Canada and a hammering by France, they lost even their final match against the unfancied Romanian team. Earlier, the opening match had pitted the holders New Zealand against the hosts England: New Zealand overturned a narrow half-time deficit to win the match and the pool, both teams qualifying for the quarter-finals with easy victories in their other matches.
Scotland beat Ireland to top their pool, again both teams qualifying. In the quarter-finals, neither Canada nor Western Samoa proved a match for New Zealand or Scotland, respectively.
[1] Meanwhile, England knocked out 1987 finalist France in a bruising encounter. [2] Australia pipped Ireland 19-18 in a thrilling match at Lansdowne Road, with a last-gasp try from fly-half Michael Lynagh coming after the Irish took an unexpected 18-15 lead. The semi-finals produced two tight matches: England overcame Scotland 9-6, a late drop goal deciding a tryless match in a torrential downpour at Murrayfield Stadium, and Australia defeated the defending champions New Zealand 16-6 at Lansdowne Road. The final was played at Twickenham Stadium in London, and saw Australia triumph 12-6 against England, with a first-half try from prop Tony Daly. Head coach: Wales Alan Davies.Note: Flags indicate national union for the club/province as defined by World Rugby. Player Position Date of birth (age) Caps Club/province. Garin Jenkins Hooker 18 August 1966 (aged 25) 1 Wales Pontypool RFC. Ken Waters Hooker 9 October 1961 (aged 29) 0 Wales Newbridge RFC. Mark Davis Prop 18 September 1970 (aged 21) 1 Wales Newport RFC.
Hugh Williams-Jones Prop 10 January 1963 (aged 28) 4 Wales South Wales Police RFC. Laurance Delaney Prop 8 May 1956 (aged 35) 5 Wales Llanelli RFC.Mike Griffiths Prop 18 March 1962 (aged 29) 15 Wales Cardiff RFC. Paul Arnold Lock 28 April 1968 (aged 23) 8 Wales Swansea RFC. Phil May Lock 1 July 1956 (aged 35) 6 Wales Llanelli RFC. Kevin Moseley Lock 2 July 1963 (aged 28) 6 Wales Newport RFC. Phil Davies Lock 19 October 1963 (aged 27) 29 Wales Llanelli RFC.
Martyn Morris Flanker 23 August 1962 (aged 29) 9 Wales Neath RFC. Richie Collins Flanker 2 March 1962 (aged 29) 16 Wales Cardiff RFC. Richard Webster Flanker 9 July 1967 (aged 24) 1 Wales Swansea RFC. Emyr Lewis Number 8 29 August 1968 (aged 23) 4 Wales Llanelli RFC. Andy Booth Scrum-half 8 December 1967 (aged 23) 0 Wales Cardiff RFC.Robert Jones Scrum-half 10 November 1965 (aged 25) 40 Wales Swansea RFC. Tony Clement Fly-half 8 February 1967 (aged 24) 13 Wales Swansea RFC.
Adrian Davies Fly-half 9 February 1969 (aged 22) 2 Wales Neath RFC. David Wyn Evans Fly-half 1 November 1965 (aged 25) 10 Wales Cardiff RFC. Scott Gibbs Centre 23 January 1971 (aged 20) 6 Wales Neath RFC.Mike Hall Centre 13 October 1965 (aged 25) 14 Wales Cardiff RFC. Mark Ring Centre 15 October 1962 (aged 28) 29 Wales Cardiff RFC.
Arthur Emyr Wing 27 July 1962 (aged 29) 10 Wales Cardiff RFC. Ieuan Evans (c) Wing 21 March 1964 (aged 27) 24 Wales Llanelli RFC. Steve Ford Wing 15 August 1965 (aged 26) 8 Wales Cardiff RFC.
Mike Rayer Fullback 21 July 1965 (aged 26) 0 Wales Cardiff RFC.